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38 HISTORY OF MARYLAND.
a white person was to have his ear cropped. Persons encouraging negro
meetings were to be fined 1000 lbs. tobacco. Owners letting negroes keep
horses were fined 500 lbs. tobacco and the stock confiscated, while outlying
negroes were to be shot if they refused to surrender. At one time they were
manumitted by the Act of Baptism, eventually their issue became perpetually
slaves upon the slightest offense, and free negioes who had immoral intercourse
with white women, or mulattoes so guilty, were to be sold as slaves. To facilitate the hanging or other punishment of negro culprits, the owners were to
receive payment for them in full, in case of conviction. Clergymen who
married negroes or mulattoes to whites were to be fined 5,000 lbs. of tobacco,
while the negro or mulatto so marrying became slave for life.
Servants by indenture, " custom of the country," or hire, could be taken
up as runaways if found ten miles from home without a note from their
master.1 In order to encourage the capture of these runaways, it was the
custom to advertise them, with a reward for their apprehension, both by handbills and advertisement in the newspapers. These advertisements afforded the
best business the newspapers had. Each advertisement was inserted about
six times in the Annapolis Gazette for instance, and that paper, for the nine
or ten years over which its columns have been carefully searched for this
chapter, shows that the average of neiu advertisements of runaways exceeded
three to each number, that is to say, over 150 runaways were advertised every
year. Of these runaways less than a third appear to have been negroes, and
not more than that convicts, the rest indentured servants and redemptioners.
The masters were perfectly safe to advertise their runaways, since the reward
was recouped to them out the servant's time, the county court allowing ten
days' additional service for each days' absence. Thus, sheriffs, deputies and
wood rangers were kept busy all the time; nor could anyone safely harbor
runaways, for there was a fine of 100 lbs. of tobacco for every hour that such
runaway was entertained, even unwillingly, and a severe whipping for every
servant or slave who harbored a runaway. Persons dealing with servants
or slaves without written consent of masters were fined 2,000 lbs. of
tobacco. Servants stealing their master's goods are to be adjudged felonsr
whipped, pilloried, and fined four-fold the value of the goods in additional
servitude.
The law of 1723, chapter XVI., which embodies the substance of several
previous laws, on the subject of blasphemy, is very severe, typical, in fact, of
the Colonial Criminal Code. The offender who shall be convicted of this
crime, consisting of wittingly, maliciously and advisedly, by writing or speech,.
1 In the Sot-Weed Factor there is a curious accosts him by asking "from whom he'd run
illustration of how universal this system of away." The author, thereupon, whips out his
passes was. The author goes ashore on first sword; at which the servant quickly changes-
arriving, and naturally, strolls about, put to his tune and invites Master Cook home to his-
flight by a wolf, while in a wood he hears a master's, a rude but hospitable planter, who
female voice shrieking —"You rogue, drive entertains him with cider, "cider-pap," a
home the steers!" He looks up and beholds hearty supper of pone, milk, mush and hominy,,
a youth driving a drove of cattle, who at once served in wooden dishes.
| Title | History of Maryland - 2 |
| Creator | Scharf, J. Thomas (John Thomas) |
| Publisher | J. B. Piet |
| Place of Publication | Baltimore |
| Date | 1879 |
| Language | eng |
| Type | Books/Pamphlets |
| Title | 00000063 |
| Type | Books/Pamphlets |
| Transcript | 38 HISTORY OF MARYLAND. a white person was to have his ear cropped. Persons encouraging negro meetings were to be fined 1000 lbs. tobacco. Owners letting negroes keep horses were fined 500 lbs. tobacco and the stock confiscated, while outlying negroes were to be shot if they refused to surrender. At one time they were manumitted by the Act of Baptism, eventually their issue became perpetually slaves upon the slightest offense, and free negioes who had immoral intercourse with white women, or mulattoes so guilty, were to be sold as slaves. To facilitate the hanging or other punishment of negro culprits, the owners were to receive payment for them in full, in case of conviction. Clergymen who married negroes or mulattoes to whites were to be fined 5,000 lbs. of tobacco, while the negro or mulatto so marrying became slave for life. Servants by indenture, " custom of the country," or hire, could be taken up as runaways if found ten miles from home without a note from their master.1 In order to encourage the capture of these runaways, it was the custom to advertise them, with a reward for their apprehension, both by handbills and advertisement in the newspapers. These advertisements afforded the best business the newspapers had. Each advertisement was inserted about six times in the Annapolis Gazette for instance, and that paper, for the nine or ten years over which its columns have been carefully searched for this chapter, shows that the average of neiu advertisements of runaways exceeded three to each number, that is to say, over 150 runaways were advertised every year. Of these runaways less than a third appear to have been negroes, and not more than that convicts, the rest indentured servants and redemptioners. The masters were perfectly safe to advertise their runaways, since the reward was recouped to them out the servant's time, the county court allowing ten days' additional service for each days' absence. Thus, sheriffs, deputies and wood rangers were kept busy all the time; nor could anyone safely harbor runaways, for there was a fine of 100 lbs. of tobacco for every hour that such runaway was entertained, even unwillingly, and a severe whipping for every servant or slave who harbored a runaway. Persons dealing with servants or slaves without written consent of masters were fined 2,000 lbs. of tobacco. Servants stealing their master's goods are to be adjudged felonsr whipped, pilloried, and fined four-fold the value of the goods in additional servitude. The law of 1723, chapter XVI., which embodies the substance of several previous laws, on the subject of blasphemy, is very severe, typical, in fact, of the Colonial Criminal Code. The offender who shall be convicted of this crime, consisting of wittingly, maliciously and advisedly, by writing or speech,. 1 In the Sot-Weed Factor there is a curious accosts him by asking "from whom he'd run illustration of how universal this system of away." The author, thereupon, whips out his passes was. The author goes ashore on first sword; at which the servant quickly changes- arriving, and naturally, strolls about, put to his tune and invites Master Cook home to his- flight by a wolf, while in a wood he hears a master's, a rude but hospitable planter, who female voice shrieking —"You rogue, drive entertains him with cider, "cider-pap," a home the steers!" He looks up and beholds hearty supper of pone, milk, mush and hominy,, a youth driving a drove of cattle, who at once served in wooden dishes. |
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