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112 IX. THE CAPITAL. CONSTRUCTION."
3. The length of slope of Jbell, b d;
4. The inclination of this slope, or angle cb d;
5. The depth of abacus, d e.
For every change in any one of these quantities we have
a new proportion of capital: five infinities, supposing change
only in one quantity at a time: infinity of infinities in the sum
of possible changes.
It is, therefore, only possible to note the general laws of
change; every scale of pillar, and every weight laid upon it
admitting, within certain limits, a variety out of which the
architect has his choice ; but yet fixing limits which the proportion becomes ugly when it approaches, and dangerous
when it exceeds. But the inquiry into this subject is too
difficult for the general reader, and I shall content myself with
proving four laws, easily understood and generally applicable;
for proof of which if the said reader care not, he may miss the'
next four paragraphs without harm.
§ xrv. 1. The more slender the shaft, the greater, proportionally, may be the projection of the abacus. For, looking
back to Fig. XXIII., let the height a b be fixed, the length
d b, the angle dbc, and the depth d e. Let the single quantity
b c be variable, let B be a capital and shaft which are found to
be perfectly safe in proportion to the weight they bear, and
let the weight be equally distributed over the whole of the
abacus. Then this weight may be represented by any number
of equal divisions, suppose four, as I, m, n, r, of brickwork
above, of which each division is one fourth of the whole
weight; and let this weight be placed in the most trying way
on the abacus, that is to say, let the masses I and r be detached
from m and n, and bear with their full weight on the outside of
the capital. We assume, in B, that the width of abacus ef is
twice as great as that of the shaft, b c, and on these conditions
we assume the capital to be safe.
But b c is allowed to be variable. Let it become b2c2 at 0,
which is a length representing about the diameter of a shaft
containing half the substance of the shaft B, and, therefore,
able to sustain not more than half the weight sustained by B.
| Title | The stones of Venice - 1 |
| Creator | Ruskin, John |
| Publisher | J. Wiley |
| Place of Publication | New York |
| Date | 1889 |
| Language | eng |
| Type | Books/Pamphlets |
| Title | 00000137 |
| Type | Books/Pamphlets |
| Transcript | 112 IX. THE CAPITAL. CONSTRUCTION." 3. The length of slope of Jbell, b d; 4. The inclination of this slope, or angle cb d; 5. The depth of abacus, d e. For every change in any one of these quantities we have a new proportion of capital: five infinities, supposing change only in one quantity at a time: infinity of infinities in the sum of possible changes. It is, therefore, only possible to note the general laws of change; every scale of pillar, and every weight laid upon it admitting, within certain limits, a variety out of which the architect has his choice ; but yet fixing limits which the proportion becomes ugly when it approaches, and dangerous when it exceeds. But the inquiry into this subject is too difficult for the general reader, and I shall content myself with proving four laws, easily understood and generally applicable; for proof of which if the said reader care not, he may miss the' next four paragraphs without harm. § xrv. 1. The more slender the shaft, the greater, proportionally, may be the projection of the abacus. For, looking back to Fig. XXIII., let the height a b be fixed, the length d b, the angle dbc, and the depth d e. Let the single quantity b c be variable, let B be a capital and shaft which are found to be perfectly safe in proportion to the weight they bear, and let the weight be equally distributed over the whole of the abacus. Then this weight may be represented by any number of equal divisions, suppose four, as I, m, n, r, of brickwork above, of which each division is one fourth of the whole weight; and let this weight be placed in the most trying way on the abacus, that is to say, let the masses I and r be detached from m and n, and bear with their full weight on the outside of the capital. We assume, in B, that the width of abacus ef is twice as great as that of the shaft, b c, and on these conditions we assume the capital to be safe. But b c is allowed to be variable. Let it become b2c2 at 0, which is a length representing about the diameter of a shaft containing half the substance of the shaft B, and, therefore, able to sustain not more than half the weight sustained by B. |
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