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146 XII. THE ARCH LOAD. CONSTRUCTION.
it becomes a bold central shaft, and the main pier splits into
two minor shafts on its sides, the principle is Classical or Palla-
dian, c, Fig. XXXVL Which latter arrangement becomes absurd or unsatisfactory in proportion to the sufficiency of the
main shaft to carry the ropf without the help of the minor
shafts or arch, which in many instances of Palladian work look
as if they might be removed without danger to the building.
§ v. The form a is a more pure Northern Gothic type than
even b, which is the connecting link between it and the classical type. It is found chiefly in English and other northern
Gothic, and in early Lombardic, and is, I doubt not, derived
as above explained, Chap. I. § xxvn. b is a general French
Gothic and French Romanesque form, as in great purity at
Valence.
The small shafts of the form a and b, as being northern,
are generally connected with steep vaulted roofs, and receive
for that reason the name of vaulting shafts.
§ vi. Of these forms b, Fig. XXXV., is the purest and
most sublime, expressing the power of the arch most distinctly.
All the others have some appearance of dovetailing and mor*
ticing of timber rather than stonework; nor have I ever yet
seen a single instance, quite satisfactory, of the management
of the capital of the main shaft, when it had either to sustain
the base of the vaulting shaft, as in a, or to suffer it to pass
through it, as in b, Fig. XXXVL Nor is the bracket which
frequently carries the vaulting shaft in English work a fitting
support for a portion of the fabric which is at all events presumed to carry a considerable part of the weight of the roof.
§ vii. The triangular spaces on the flanks of the arch are
called Spandrils, and if the masonry of these should be found,
in any of its forms, too heavy for the arch, their weight may
be diminished, while their strength remains the same, by piercing them with circular holes or lights. This is rarely necessary in ordinary architecture, though sometimes of great use in
bridges and iron roofs (a succession of such circles may be
seen, for instance, in the spandrils at the Euston Square
station); but, from its constructional value, it becomes the
| Title | The stones of Venice - 1 |
| Creator | Ruskin, John |
| Publisher | J. Wiley |
| Place of Publication | New York |
| Date | 1889 |
| Language | eng |
| Type | Books/Pamphlets |
| Title | 00000177 |
| Type | Books/Pamphlets |
| Transcript | 146 XII. THE ARCH LOAD. CONSTRUCTION. it becomes a bold central shaft, and the main pier splits into two minor shafts on its sides, the principle is Classical or Palla- dian, c, Fig. XXXVL Which latter arrangement becomes absurd or unsatisfactory in proportion to the sufficiency of the main shaft to carry the ropf without the help of the minor shafts or arch, which in many instances of Palladian work look as if they might be removed without danger to the building. § v. The form a is a more pure Northern Gothic type than even b, which is the connecting link between it and the classical type. It is found chiefly in English and other northern Gothic, and in early Lombardic, and is, I doubt not, derived as above explained, Chap. I. § xxvn. b is a general French Gothic and French Romanesque form, as in great purity at Valence. The small shafts of the form a and b, as being northern, are generally connected with steep vaulted roofs, and receive for that reason the name of vaulting shafts. § vi. Of these forms b, Fig. XXXV., is the purest and most sublime, expressing the power of the arch most distinctly. All the others have some appearance of dovetailing and mor* ticing of timber rather than stonework; nor have I ever yet seen a single instance, quite satisfactory, of the management of the capital of the main shaft, when it had either to sustain the base of the vaulting shaft, as in a, or to suffer it to pass through it, as in b, Fig. XXXVL Nor is the bracket which frequently carries the vaulting shaft in English work a fitting support for a portion of the fabric which is at all events presumed to carry a considerable part of the weight of the roof. § vii. The triangular spaces on the flanks of the arch are called Spandrils, and if the masonry of these should be found, in any of its forms, too heavy for the arch, their weight may be diminished, while their strength remains the same, by piercing them with circular holes or lights. This is rarely necessary in ordinary architecture, though sometimes of great use in bridges and iron roofs (a succession of such circles may be seen, for instance, in the spandrils at the Euston Square station); but, from its constructional value, it becomes the |
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