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CONSTRUCTION. XVI. FORM OF APERTURE. 175
fore, that the best heading must be an arch, because the
strongest, and that a square-headed door must be wrong, unless
under Mont-Cenisian masonry; or else, unless the top of the
door be the roof of the building, as in low cottages. And a
square-headed door is just so much more wrong and ugly than a
connexion of main shafts by lintels, as the weight of wall above
the door is likely to be greater than that above the main shafts,
Thus, while I admit the Greek general forms of temple to be
admirable in their kind, I think the Greek door always offensive and unmanageable.
§ in. We have it also determined by necessity, that the
apertures shall be at least above a man's height, with perpen<
dicuiar sides (for sloping sides are evidently unnecessary, and
even inconvenient, therefore absurd) and level threshold; and
this aperture we at present suppose simply cut through the
wall without any bevelling of the jambs. Such a door, wide
enough for two persons to pass each other easily, and with such
fillings or valves as we may hereafter find expedient, may be
fit enough for any building into which entrance is required
neither often, nor by many persons at a time. But when
entrance and egress are constant, or j^ yt.ttt
required by crowds, certain further
modifications must take place.
§ rv. When entrance and egress
are constant, it may be supposed
that the valves will be absent or unfastened,—that people will be passing more quickly than when the entrance and egress are unfre-
quent, and that the square angles of the wall will be inconvenient to such quick passers through. It is evident, therefore, that what would be done in time, for themselves, by the
passing multitude, should be done for them at once by the
architect; and that these angles, which would be worn away
by friction, should at once be bevelled off, or, as it is called,
splayed, and the most contracted part of the aperture made as
short as possible, so that the plan of the entrance should become as at a, Fig. XLIII.
| Title | The stones of Venice - 1 |
| Creator | Ruskin, John |
| Publisher | J. Wiley |
| Place of Publication | New York |
| Date | 1889 |
| Language | eng |
| Type | Books/Pamphlets |
| Title | 00000206 |
| Type | Books/Pamphlets |
| Transcript | CONSTRUCTION. XVI. FORM OF APERTURE. 175 fore, that the best heading must be an arch, because the strongest, and that a square-headed door must be wrong, unless under Mont-Cenisian masonry; or else, unless the top of the door be the roof of the building, as in low cottages. And a square-headed door is just so much more wrong and ugly than a connexion of main shafts by lintels, as the weight of wall above the door is likely to be greater than that above the main shafts, Thus, while I admit the Greek general forms of temple to be admirable in their kind, I think the Greek door always offensive and unmanageable. § in. We have it also determined by necessity, that the apertures shall be at least above a man's height, with perpen< dicuiar sides (for sloping sides are evidently unnecessary, and even inconvenient, therefore absurd) and level threshold; and this aperture we at present suppose simply cut through the wall without any bevelling of the jambs. Such a door, wide enough for two persons to pass each other easily, and with such fillings or valves as we may hereafter find expedient, may be fit enough for any building into which entrance is required neither often, nor by many persons at a time. But when entrance and egress are constant, or j^ yt.ttt required by crowds, certain further modifications must take place. § rv. When entrance and egress are constant, it may be supposed that the valves will be absent or unfastened,—that people will be passing more quickly than when the entrance and egress are unfre- quent, and that the square angles of the wall will be inconvenient to such quick passers through. It is evident, therefore, that what would be done in time, for themselves, by the passing multitude, should be done for them at once by the architect; and that these angles, which would be worn away by friction, should at once be bevelled off, or, as it is called, splayed, and the most contracted part of the aperture made as short as possible, so that the plan of the entrance should become as at a, Fig. XLIII. |
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