"Pitt, a colossal figure (cf. BMSat 8980), bestrides the Rotunda of the 'Bank of England'. His arms and legs are very thin, but his body is formed of a (transparent) sack distended with gold coins and inscribed '£'. His elbows are akimbo, his hands grasp the sides of the sack; from the little finger of his left hand hangs a key, 'Key of Public Property'. Round the mouth of the sack is a heavy chain clasped by a padlock inscribed 'Power of securing Public Credit'. From the sack emerges the pipe-like neck down which coins are passing. Pitt looks arrogantly to the right, a blast issues from his closed lips of many paper notes inscribed 'one'. Near his mouth are a few gold coins which he is presumably inhaling. He wears a crown formed of 'one' pound notes; through it project his ass's ears. The near side of the Rotunda is removed, showing a descending shower of paper and an ascending cluster of coins which are being drawn upwards to join those in the sack. Little figures in and around the rotunda, under Pitt's legs, hold up their hands in dismay at the shower of £1 notes. Among them is a John Bull wearing a smock. Two men hold papers inscribed 'Dividend'; a Jew walks off (left) with 'Scrip'. On the left, behind Pitt's right foot, is the sea-shore; large reeds at its edge blow towards him; among these are five heads wearing bonnets-rouges, each with a label issuing from his mouth: 'Midas has Ears'. They are Fox, Sheridan, Erskine, M. A. Taylor, and (?) Grey. They diminish in size from Fox to Taylor. Across the sea is 'Brest', from which a fleet is setting out. Behind it are black clouds, and an explosion rises from them in which are swarms of tiny figures holding daggers and wearing bonnets-rouges. This spreads behind Pitt's head who appears unconscious of it. He looks down towards three almost naked winged figures: Grenville (left) and Dundas (right) hold up between them a scroll: 'Prosperous state of British Finances. & the new Plan for diminishing the National Debt - with Hints on the increase of Commerce'. Between and above them is Windham, Secretary-at-War, a pen behind his ear. He waves his cocked hat, Grenville his coronet, and Dundas his Scots cap. Beneath the title: 'History of Midas, - The great Midas having dedicated himself to Bacchus [cf. BMSat 8651], obtained from that Deity, the Power of changing all he Touched - Apollo fixed Asses-Ears upon his head, for his Ignorance - & although he tried to hide his disgrace with a Regal Cap, yet the very Sedges which grew from the Mud of the Pactolus, whisper'd out his Infamy, whenever they were agitated by the Wind from the opposite Shore - Vide Ovid's Metamorposes.'"--British Museum online catalogue
Alternative Title:
Midas transmuting all into paper
Description:
Title etched below image. 'Gold' in title scored through., Three lines of text below title: History of Midas -- The great Midas having dedicated himself to Bacchus ..., Temporary local subject terms: Money: coins -- Bank notes -- Cupids -- Brest -- French fleet., and Mounted to 46 x 33 cm.
Publisher:
Pubd. March 9th, 1797, by H. Humphrey, New Bond Street
Subject (Name):
Pitt, William, 1759-1806, Melville, Henry Dundas, Viscount, 1742-1811, Grenville, William Wyndham Grenville, Baron, 1759-1834, Windham, William, 1750-1810, Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806, Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 1751-1816, Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823, Taylor, Michael Angelo, 1757-1834, Grey, Charles Grey, Earl, 1764-1845, and Bank of England.
"Members of the Opposition, arranged in two horizontal rows, receive the news of Aboukir. [1] In the upper left corner Burdett sits, directed to the right, intently reading the 'Extraordinary Gazette' on 'Nelson's Victory'; his shock of hair covers his eyes, and he says, left hand raised in alarm: "sure I cannot see clear?" On the wall (left) is a print, a profile head of 'Buonaparte'. [2] Jekyll stands beside Lansdowne, who reclines in an arm-chair in dressing-gown and bonnet-rouge, a gouty leg resting on a cushion. He holds out a paper headed 'Captured IX French Ships of War'; under his arm is a paper: '2 Burnt'; he holds up two fingers. Lansdowne puts his hands over his ears, saying, "I can't hear! I can't hear." (For Jekyll and Lansdowne cf. BMSat 9179, &c.) [3] Bedford, sitting on a large treasure-chest, sourly tears in half a paper: 'complete Destruction of Buonaparte's Fleet - ', saying, "It's all a damn'd Lye". Behind his chest are padlocked sacks inscribed '£', indicating his wealth; on the wall hang jockey-cap, boots, and riding-whip. [4] Erskine lies back in his chair holding a smelling-bottle to his nose, from his dangling right hand have dropped papers: 'Capture of Buonaparte's Dispatches'. He says "I shall Faint, I.I.I." He sits by a table on which are writing-materials and 'Republican Briefs'. (For Erskine's fainting in court, and egotism, see BMSats 7956, 9246, &c.) [5] Norfolk sits in an arm-chair beside a table on which are signs of a debauch: overturned decanters and a candle guttering in its socket. Wine pours from his mouth and from a glass in his right hand. At his feet is a broken tobacco-pipe, in his left hand a paper: 'Nelson & the British Fleet'. He says "what a sickening Toast!" (cf. BMSat 9168, &c). [6 and 7] Tierney and Sheridan sit looking at each other across a table, Tierney (left) clutching his knee, on which lies a paper: 'End of the French Navy - Britannia Rules the Waves'. From his pocket issues a paper: 'End of the Irish Rebellion'. He says: "ah! our hopes are all lost". Sheridan, elbows on the table, his chin in his hands, says "I must lock up my Jaw!" Before him are papers: 'List of the Republican Ships Taken and Destroy[ed]'. [8] Fox, in the lower right corner, hangs by a noose, having just kicked a stool from under his feet; his crisped fingers have dropped a paper: 'Farewell to the Whig Club'. He says: "and I, - end with Éclat!" He wears a bonnet-rouge."--British Museum online catalogue
Alternative Title:
Good-news operating upon loyal-feelings
Description:
Title etched below image., Temporary local subject terms: Victories: reference to Nelson's victory in the battle of the Nile, 1 August 1798 -- Opposition -- Allusion to the Whig Club -- Furniture: chairs -- Spirits: port -- Glass: wine bottles -- Lighting: candlesticks -- Writing materials: ink stands -- Suicides -- Smelling salts -- Pictures amplifying subject: portrait of Buonaparte., and Mounted to 33 x 48 cm.
Publisher:
Pubd. Octr. 3d, 1798, by H. Humphrey, 27 St. Jamess [sic] Street
Subject (Name):
Tierney, George, 1761-1830, Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823, Norfolk, Charles Howard, Duke of, 1746-1815, Bedford, Francis Russell, Duke of, 1765-1802, Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806, Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 1751-1816, Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805, Burdett, Francis, 1770-1844, Jekyll, Joseph, 1754-1837, and Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821
The design closely follows George Cannings "New Morality".
Alternative Title:
Promis'd installment of the high priest of the Theophilanthropes and Promised installment of the high priest of the Theophilanthropes
Description:
Title etched below image., Statement following publisher's name: ... for the Anti-Jacobin magazine & review., Five columns of verse etched under title: "Behold! The directorial lama, sovereign priest Le Paux whom atheists worship ...", Plate from: Anti-Jacobin magazine & review, v. 1, p. 115., and Sheets trimmed to plate mark.
Publisher:
Publishd. August 1st, 1798, by J. Wright, No. 169 Piccadilly
Subject (Geographic):
Great Britain., France, Great Britain, England, and London
Subject (Name):
Bedford, Francis Russell, Duke of, 1765-1802, Canning, George, 1770-1827., Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823, Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806, Hastings, Francis Rawdon-Hastings, Marquess of, 1754-1826, La Revellière-Lépeaux, Louis-Marie de, 1753-1824, Priestley, Joseph, 1733-1804, Shuckburgh-Evelyn, George Augustus William, Sir, 1751-1804, Southey, Robert, 1774-1843, Tierney, George, 1761-1830, Wakefield, Gilbert, 1756-1801, and Wollstonecraft, Mary, 1759-1797
Subject (Topic):
Jacobites, Theophilanthropism, Leviathan, Newspapers, Philanthropy, History, Foreign public opinion, British, Religious aspects, Politics and government, and Periodical illustrations
"Through the folding doors of the House of Commons rats are seen fleeing from the Opposition benches and leaping from the gallery above. In the foreground, scampering down steps leading to the lobby, are rats with human faces: Fox and 'Grey' (collar so inscribed) are first, followed by Sheridan and Erskine and little M. A. Taylor. The Speaker and the two Clerks look astounded. Pitt is speaking; he holds a paper: 'Rights of Parliamt'. Next him on the front bench sits the bulky Dundas in Highland dress, and next Dundas the tiny Wilberforce. These three, though on a small scale, are fully characterized. Behind them are the serried ranks of the Government, holding up their hands in astonishment, as do others in the gallery. A few members of the Opposition, not transformed into rats, stand behind the Speaker's chair (right). The wall of the House is damaged by rats, some of whom are escaping through holes they have made. On the wall beside the door (left) are bills: 'Virtue Triumphant or the Expulsion of Vice and Opposition Silenced.'"--British Museum online catalogue
Alternative Title:
Opposition-rats leaving the House they have undermined
Description:
Title etched below image., Sheet trimmed within plate mark., and Temporary local subject terms: House of Commons -- Opposition: members of the Opposition as rats -- Parliamentary reforms: reference to Grey's motion for reform -- Parliamentary secessions.
Publisher:
Pubd. May 28th, 1797, by H. Humphrey, 27 St. James's Street
Subject (Name):
Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806, Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 1751-1816, Grey, Charles Grey, Earl, 1764-1845, Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823, Taylor, Michael Angelo, 1757-1834, Pitt, William, 1759-1806, Melville, Henry Dundas, Viscount, 1742-1811, and Wilberforce, William, 1759-1833
"The interior of the House of Commons; the Speaker's chair and the table are in the foreground on the extreme left; only the Opposition benches are visible and are crowded with English sansculottes wearing bonnets-rouges who eagerly watch the denunciation of Pitt. Fox sits in the Speaker's chair, as the presiding judge, a bonnet-rouge pulled over the crown of his hat. Opposite (right), on a low platform surrounded by a rail, stands Pitt; a rope round his neck is held by Lauderdale who stands behind him on the extreme right with a headsman's axe in his left hand. In front of Pitt, leaning eagerly forward over the rail is Stanhope, gesticulating violently and holding out a large scroll: 'Charges. - Ist For opposing the Right of Subjects to dethrone their King. - 2d For opposing the Right of Sans-Culottes to Equalize Property, & to annihilate Nobility. 3d For opposing the Right of Free Men to extirpate the farce of Religion, & to divide the Estates of the Church.' Pitt, anxious and bewildered, his hands manacled, wearing only his shirt which has been torn from his shoulder, stands in profile to the left. Fox sits inscrutable, his clenched fists on the desk before him, a bell at his right hand, looking sideways at Pitt. Below him at the table are Erskine and Sheridan. Erskine, in wig and gown, as the accusing counsel, stands with outstretched hand pointing to Pitt and addressing the rabble on the benches. In his left hand is a paper headed 'Guillotine' and from his pocket protrudes a brief: 'Defence of Hardy' [see BMSat 8502]. Sheridan writes busily: 'Value of the Garde Meuble'. The books on the table are: 'Rights of Man' [see BMSat 7867, &c], 'Dr Price' [see BMSat 7629, &c], 'Dr Priestley' [see BMSat 7632, &c], 'Voltaire', 'Rosseau' [sic]. A large scroll hangs from the table: 'Decrees of the British Convention (ci devant Parliament) Man is, & shall be Free, therefore Man is, & shall be Equal. Man therefore has nor shall have Superior in Heaven or upon Earth.' On the ground the head of the mace projects from under the tablecloth. Beside the table (left) are five large money-bags inscribed: 'Treasury Cash to be issued in Assignats' and 'D° Cash for D°'. On the Speaker's chair, in place of the royal arms, is a tricolour shield with the motto 'Vive la République'. In the foreground, immediately in front of Pitt and Lauderdale, is an iron stove with an open door showing Magna Charta and Holy Bible burning. Holding their hands to the flames are Grafton (left) and Norfolk (right) facing each other; each sits on an inverted ducal coronet. Beside and behind Grafton sits Lord Derby. Slightly to the left and behind this group Lansdowne kneels, weighing in a pair of scales a weight, resembling a cap of liberty and inscribed 'Libertas', against a royal crown. The crown rests on the ground, Lansdowne tries to pull down the other scale. Beside the crown two large sacks stand on the floor inscribed 'For Duke's Place' and 'For D°' (the Jews of Duke's place were supposed to dispose of stolen plate, cf. BMSat 5468). From one protrudes the Prince of Wales's coronet and feathers, an earl's coronet and a Garter ribbon; from the other, a mitre and chalice. In the foreground lie a bundle of papers inscribed 'Forfeited Estates of Loyalists. Chatham, Mansfield, Grenville.' On the crowded benches a fat butcher is conspicuous, sitting arms akimbo. Near him are a hairdresser and a tailor in delighted conversation. A chimney-sweeper holds up brush and shovel, grinning delightedly. The faces register ferocity, anger, surprise, amusement, brutishness. In the back row, under the gallery, stand dissenting ministers wearing clerical bands."--British Museum online catalogue
Alternative Title:
Parliament reformed
Description:
Title etched below image., Text following title: Vide Carmagnol Expectations., Sheet partially trimmed within plate mark., and Temporary local subject terms: Conventions: decrees of the British Convention -- Interiors: House of Commons -- English sansculottes -- Bonnets rouges -- Shields: tricolor shield -- Bags of money -- Magna Charta -- Holy Bible -- Opposition -- Coronets -- Ministers -- Maces -- Iron stoves.
Publisher:
Pubd. March 2d, 1795, by H. Humphrey, No. 37 New Bond Street
Subject (Name):
Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805, Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806, Norfolk, Charles Howard, Duke of, 1746-1815, Pitt, William, 1759-1806, Stanhope, Charles Stanhope, Earl, 1753-1816, Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 1751-1816, Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823, Grafton, Augustus Henry Fitzroy, Duke of, 1735-1811, Smith-Stanley, Edward, 1752-1834, and Lauderdale, James Maitland, Earl of, 1759-1839
"Pitt and Dundas (in tartan), back to back, vigorously ply long whips against a herd of swine with human faces whom they drive through broken palings from the enclosure in which they stand (right). On the extreme left is the corner of a pound through which poke the heads of two (normal) swine, ringed and shedding tears. The swine who are being flogged have, beside their human heads, ringed snouts, both heads being enclosed in a wooden triangle. The leaders are Fox, with Norfolk (cf. BMSat 9205) on his right and Bedford (cf. BMSat 8684) on his left, the others are less prominent: Erskine, Tierney, looking over Fox's back, Burdett, Derby, and Nicholls (left), while M. A. Taylor (right), smaller than the others, scampers to right instead of left. Beside the pound (left) stands a grinning yokel (John Bull); on its post is a placard: 'London Corresponding Society - or the Cries of the Pigs in the Pound'. The background is a row of conical haystacks behind which is a thatched and gabled farm-house. ..."--British Museum online catalogue
Alternative Title:
Swine flogg'd out of the farm yard and Swine flogged out of the farm yard
Description:
Title etched below image., Three columns of verse etched below title: Once a society of swine, liv'd in a paradice [sic] of straw, a herd more beautiful & fine, I'm sure Sir Joseph never saw ..., and Temporary local subject terms: Allusion to George III as Farmer George -- Allusion to the London Corresponding Society.
Publisher:
Pubd. June 22d, 1798, by H. Humphrey, 27 St. James Street
Subject (Name):
Pitt, William, 1759-1806, Melville, Henry Dundas, Viscount, 1742-1811, Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806, Bedford, Francis Russell, Duke of, 1765-1802, Norfolk, Charles Howard, Duke of, 1746-1815, Tierney, George, 1761-1830, Burdett, Francis, 1770-1844, Smith-Stanley, Edward, 1752-1834, Nicholls, John, 1745?-1832, Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823, and Taylor, Michael Angelo, 1757-1834
Subject (Topic):
John Bull (Symbolic character), Farms, Haystacks, and Swine
"A pair of breeches, formerly belonging to Fox, much inflated and forming two merging and transparent globes with projecting legs, is poised (at the seat) on three ostrich feathers, erect in a round bed of (ministerial) roses (see BMSat 10558, &c). Within these globes members of the Ministry sit at a round table, devouring loaves and fishes. The nearest ones are in back view, and have the heavy posteriors characteristic of the Grenvilles (cf. BMSat 10530). Lord Grenville, a fish in each hand, with Lord Ellenborough on his right, Buckingham on his left., and, next the latter, Lord Temple. They sit on a cushioned bench like those of Parliament, which follows the curve of the breeches. The others, left to right from Temple, are Spencer, Windham, Erskine, Petty, Lord Holland, [Identified by his own note.] Moira, who sits full face opposite Grenville, Lauderdale, Sheridan, Howick; Sidmouth on Ellenborough's right completes the circle. All are gormandizing on fish in different degrees, except Spencer and Holland who eat normally. Before Grenville is a dish containing two large fish: 'Treasury' and 'Exchequer', see BMSat 10543, &c. A dog, its collar inscribed 'Tierney', puts its forefeet on the bench, yapping at Grenville's back (cf. BMSats 10128, &c., 10603). On the ground beside him are three cats eating fish in a dish inscribed 'Tabbeys'; their collars are inscribed 'Bet Fox', 'Fitz', and 'Jordan'. Rats surround a dish inscribed 'Scribblers' [ministerial journalists and pamphleteers]. Larger rats in the Ministerial rose-bed gnaw at the feathers which support the breeches. ..."--British Museum online catalogue
Alternative Title:
Political mathematicians shaking the broad bottomed hemispheres
Description:
Title etched below image., Two lines of quoted text following title, preceded by a curly bracket: "Mr. Paull is fixed upon a rock, and be assured he will prove the fulcrum by means of which the present Broadbottomites will be overset." Sir F. Burdett's speech., and Two lines of text near top margin of image: To that last hope of the country, "the New Opposition," this representation of "Charley's Old Breeches in Danger" is respectfuly [sic] submited [sic].
Publisher:
Publish'd Jany. 9th, 1807, by H. Humphrey, 27 St. James's Street
Subject (Name):
Grenville, William Wyndham Grenville, Baron, 1759-1834, Ellenborough, Edward Law, Baron, 1750-1818, Buckingham, George Nugent Temple Grenville, Marquess of, 1753-1813, Buckingham and Chandos, Richard Temple Nugent Brydges Chandos, Duke of, 1776-1839, Spencer, George John Spencer, Earl, 1758-1834, Windham, William, 1750-1810, Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823, Lansdowne, Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, Marquess of, 1780-1863, Holland, Henry Richard Vassall, Baron, 1773-1840, Hastings, Francis Rawdon-Hastings, Marquess of, 1754-1826, Lauderdale, James Maitland, Earl of, 1759-1839, Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 1751-1816, Grey, Charles Grey, Earl, 1764-1845, Sidmouth, Henry Addington, Viscount, 1757-1844, Burdett, Francis, 1770-1844, Paull, James, 1770-1808, Cobbett, William, 1763-1835, Tooke, John Horne, 1736-1812, Pitt, William, 1759-1806, Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount, 1769-1822, Liverpool, Robert Banks Jenkinson, Earl of, 1770-1828, Canning, George, 1770-1827, Perceval, Spencer, 1762-1812, Rose, George, 1744-1818, Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806, and Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821
Political mathematicians shaking the broad bottomed hemispheres
Description:
Title etched below image., Sheet trimmed within plate mark., Plate numbered in upper right corner: T. IX., Plate no. IX from: London und Paris, vol. xix, 1807., Reduced copy of Gillray print published by H. Humphrey in 1807., Two lines of quotation preceded by bracket in lower right corner of plate: "Mr. Paull is fixed upon a rock, and be assured he will prove the fulcrum by means of which the present Broadbottomites will be overset! Sir F. Burdett's speech., and Two lines of text near top margin of print: To that last hope of the country, the New Opposition, this representation of "Charleys Old Breeches in Danger" is respectfully submitted.
Publisher:
Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs
Subject (Name):
Grenville, William Wyndham Grenville, Baron, 1759-1834, Ellenborough, Edward Law, Baron, 1750-1818, Buckingham, George Nugent Temple Grenville, Marquess of, 1753-1813, Spencer, George John Spencer, Earl, 1758-1834, Windham, William, 1750-1810, Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823, Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805, Hastings, Francis Rawdon-Hastings, Marquess of, 1754-1826, Lauderdale, James Maitland, Earl of, 1759-1839, Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 1751-1816, Sidmouth, Henry Addington, Viscount, 1757-1844, Burdett, Francis, 1770-1844, Paull, James, 1770-1808, Cobbett, William, 1763-1835, Tooke, John Horne, 1736-1812, Pitt, William, 1759-1806, Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount, 1769-1822, Liverpool, Robert Banks Jenkinson, Earl of, 1770-1828, Canning, George, 1770-1827, and Rose, George, 1744-1818
A satire on the impeachment of Lord Melville, with politicans heads on dogs bodies
Description:
Title etched below image., Printmaker from unverified data from local card catalog record., Sheet trimmed within plate mark., Not in the Catalogue of prints and drawings in the British Museum. Division I, political and personal satires., and Mounted to 30 x 39 cm.
Publisher:
Pubd. June 23rd, 1806, by T. Rowlandson, No. 1 James St., Adelphi
Subject (Name):
Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806, Sidmouth, Henry Addington, Viscount, 1757-1844, Smith-Stanley, Edward, 1752-1834, Whitbread, Samuel, 1764-1815, Windham, William, 1750-1810, Grenville, William Wyndham Grenville, Baron, 1759-1834, Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 1751-1816, and Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823
"Members of the Opposition in a row, talk in couples, except for the arch-egotist Erskine (see British Museum satires no. 9246) on the extreme left, who exclaims: "Peace - and I not consulted 'tis very strange, by Gad". Sheridan (left), seated in profile to the right, reads the 'Gazzette Extraordina[ry] Peace! Peace!' with an expression of dismay. He says: "It is here, sure enough, I can scarcely believe my eyes, then all my fine speeches respecting the continuance of the War is dish'd, its no farce." Burdett stands with legs astride looking down at him; he says: "O it can't be true depend upon it." The centre pair, Fox and Bedford, face each other in profile. Fox says: "This is a curious kind of business. I heard of it at the Crown and Anchor." Bedford, in top-boots, and a riding whip under his arm, answers: "I heard of it in Bedfordshire." On the right little Lord Derby turns to Tierney, asking, "Pray who is this Peace Maker - this Mr A- Ad, Ad, what's his name, I never can think of it dam my Wig" [he is almost bald, with a tiny pigtail]. Tierney, looking down morosely, his arms folded, answers: "I really cannot immediately recollect, but I know he is not one of us - however we can find it in the Red Book"."--British Museum online catalogue
Alternative Title:
Politicians puzzled
Description:
Title etched below image., Approximate date of publication from the British Museum catalogue., With publisher's watercolor., and Watermark: W. Elgar 1797.
Publisher:
Pubd. by P. Roberts, 28 Middle-Row, Holborn
Subject (Geographic):
Great Britain
Subject (Name):
Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806, Bedford, Francis Russell, Duke of, 1765-1802, Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823, Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 1751-1816, Smith-Stanley, Edward, 1752-1834, Tierney, George, 1761-1830, and Burdett, Francis, 1770-1844
Subject (Topic):
Whig Club (London, England), Whig Party (Great Britain), and Politics and government